All About AI-part – I | What It Is, How it works and its history

INTRODUCTION

Al is a field that has seen numerous advancements in the past two decades. But what exactly is it? Well, it is in the name Al stands for Artificial Intelligence, which means machine (artificial) thinking (Intelligence). Artificial means not natural; intelligence is how you react based on past experiences. However, this is a misnomer. Al is just a machine trying to get as close to the best solution to fit the data. They cannot think as we do, or be truly creative (although it can look like they canj. Al allows computers to handle tasks usually done by humans. These tasks include understanding language, solving problems, and learning. Many learning platforms like Dualingo (Birdbrain) and Khan Academy (Khanmingo) have already integrated Al chatbots into e-learning. This is a clear example of Al. On YouTube, an Al selects the recommended videos you see. A similar concept is in Netflix and Disney. In video games, some NPCs (non-player characters) use Al. This helps them decide what to say. The conversion between text and speech usually also uses Al

The idea of Al has been around longer than many believe. The first Al model, made in 195 was a heuristic for playing checkers draughts. This model used an algorithm to look ahead by several steps and determine the move it should make Frank Rosenblatt created the perceptron in 1956, which was the first model that could learn as it played. The Perceptron used weights. Each weight was multiplied by an Input. Then, these results were added together to get the net input function. After that, this function went through an activation function The final output was a number. This number showed how strongly it favored choosing a specific option. However, perceptron could only be used for recognizing whether something was or was not something. Two techniques, the nearest neighbour algorithm and backpropagation, were introduced to enhance pattern recognition. This led to increased excitement about Al. In 1970, Al pioneer Marvin Minsky made a prediction. He said that within three to eight years, we would create machine.