Introduction
We recently celebrated International Women’s Day 2024. The theme for this year was “Invest in Women: Accelerating Progress.” It emphasizes the importance of funding and supporting women. Areas of focus include leadership development, health, education, and economic empowerment. Both STEM and other fields are included. The goal is to achieve gender equality and sustainable development. Women have made significant contributions to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) throughout history. They face many obstacles in STEM careers. Gender equality in STEM is key for human rights and social justice. It boosts innovation and sustainable development. The United Nations’ SDGs view supporting women and girls in STEM as vital. It aids in achieving gender equality and addressing global issues like poverty, health, climate change, and peace. Yet, gender disparities and inequalities mark these fields worldwide, including in India. In 2021, UNESCO reported only 29.2% of STEM researchers were women.
Current Scenario
In India, 43% of STEM graduates were women in 2018. However, there are fewer women in STEM jobs and leadership roles. More women graduate in STEM in this country than in many developed countries. Yet, there are fewer women in STEM careers, especially at the leadership level. Women deal with challenges such as gender stereotypes and social and family pressures. They often lack mentors. They also face discrimination and harassment. Additionally, women have limited access to resources. These issues lower their motivation, confidence, and performance in STEM, causing many to leave the field. To help, the Indian government has started various programs and initiatives.
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